How can an employee participate for significance of Management

 

How can an employee participate for significance of Management?

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Exclusive summary

 

This assignment explains the significance of the practice of participative management for the Company and Society.

Participative management, also known as employee involvement or participative decision making, encourages the involvement of employees at all levels of an organization in the analysis of problems, development of strategies, and implementation of solutions. I have managed to take some examples from the Sri Lankan industry. Employees are invited to share in the decision-making process of the firm by participating in activities such as setting goals, determining work schedules, create valuable customer base and making suggestions. Other forms of participative management include increasing the responsibility of employees; forming self-managed and less supervised teams, quality circles, or quality-of-work-life committees; and soliciting survey feedback. Participative management, however, involves more than allowing employees to take part in making decisions. It also involves management treating the ideas and suggestions of employees with consideration and respect. The most extensive form of participative management is direct employee ownership of a company.

The success of participative management basically depends on careful planning and a slow, phased approach. Long-term employees may resist changes, not believing they will last. In order for participation to be effective, managers must be genuine and honest in implementing the programme. Many employees will need to consistently see proof that their ideas will be accepted or at least seriously considered. The employees must be able to trust their managers and feel they are respected.

 

What is significant of management?

The whole world suffers with the scarcity of the resources. These limited resources have to be managed properly and have to make the best outcome from it. In that place management helps to bring the optimum outcome from the limited resources. Manager can be defined as a “sailor of a single boat” if the sailor sails his board to a right direction with a good speed he will be able to come to the winning line, as the development of the Society, Country & the Organization is depending on the hands of the manager. The manager has to plan, organize, lead & control the available resources society, organization and the country will be in the range of the developed.

Management then not only an essential element of organized society, but also an integral part of life. The significance of management was highlighted by the late president of the United States John F. Kennedy, when he said, “The role of management in our society is critical in human progress. It serves to identify a great need of our time; to improve standards of living for all people through effective utilization of human and material resources.”

Management works to achieve maximum utilization of human and non-human resources. This leads to efficacy in management. Management provides maximum utilization of scarce resources by selecting its best possible alternate use in industry from out of various uses. It makes use of experts, professional and these services leads to use of their sills, knowledge, and proper utilization and avoids wastage. If employees and machines are producing its maximum there is no under employment of any resources.

Management always try to get maximum results through minimum input by proper planning and by using minimum input & getting maximum output.

 

To establish sound organizational structure is one of the objective of management which is in tune with objective of organization and for fulfillment of this, it establishes effective authority & responsibility relationship i.e. who is accountable to whom, who can give instructions to whom, who are superiors & who are subordinates. All these have been placed in the correct positions by the management. Management fills up various positions with right persons, having right skills, training and qualification. All jobs should be cleared to everyone.

By addressing the changes in external environment, the initial co-ordination of organization must be changed. So it adapts organization to changing demand of market/changing needs of societies. It is responsible for growth and survival of organization. This situation has to identify by the manager and make the necessary changes accordingly.

Efficient management leads to better economical production which helps in turn to increase the welfare of people. Good management makes a difficult task easier by avoiding wastage of scarce resource. Effective management always concern about the wellbeing of the employees in order to keep them happy to get the maximum output from them.

We can talk many things of the significant of management but the most suitable examples are all around Sri Lanka. Now Sri Lanka had to face the consequences of “Mismanagement” at the present. That is the most suitable example that I can mention to understand the significant of the management.

How the significant of management can be related with participative

Management?

Participative Management is a management style which requires to cooperation of personnel. It aims to build commitment and develop initiatives within work teams. To do this, the manager must delegate parts of his power to the employee and it’s necessary that the teams decide together what solutions to adopt.

Managers need to develop their skills in order to involve employees in a very effective way of decision making. They need Technical skills, Human Skills, Communicational skills and Conceptual skills to involve employees in the decision making. It’s not very simple as it says but by developing such concept will give many advantages for the Company as well as Society.

It’s important to create a trustful relationship between the teams, where respect and collaboration from everyone will be emphasized. Work valuation must also be there for this method to work.

Participative manager’s stand-in an environment that makes people feels genuinely valued. They give employees plenty of development opportunities to show that there is space for them to grow within the company and offer them chances to implement their ideas. This significantly contributes to improved employee retention.

They develop the individuals with competence and commitment, working towards the achievement of shared meaningful objectives within an organization which supports and encourages their achievement. When the employee feels that he is part of this company and he will work without any force or difficulties because he feels these decisions have been taken by his participation & involvement. This will be intrinsic reward for the employee without knowing the manager will be able to gain the maximum effort of the employee in a very methodical way. 

The employee never raises a voice against the decision of the management because they themselves had been involved in the decision making. This management style is very helpful to control human resource without any difficulties arise. Because employees they feel inside that they are valuable for the company and they are part of it.

 

So participative management always helps to dismiss the misunderstandings, miscommunications, dishonesty, disobedience of the employee.  The Management can earn the most valuable tool, the loyalty of the employees of the company. That is the place where managers have become success. 

 

 
Significant from the society through participative management

 

Optimum Utilization of Resources

The participative management plays a significant role in order to receive Optimum Utilization of Resources. Management is a problem solving process of effectively achieving organizational objectives through the efficient use of scare resources in the changing environment.   The main responsibility of this is laying with the manager, if the manager divides that responsibility among employees, all the employees will be responsible to use the scare resources at an optimum level. The manager does not want to take necessary initiatives to increase the effectiveness and efficiency of the employees; they themselves are in a position to work with efficiently and effectively because they are anticipatively engage in the management process of the organization.

If all the organizations in the society follow this method all the resources will be utilized without any wastage. If every member of the society stat thinking as a manager the society and the country will be developed immensely. Example the people will start using the electricity, Water and the natural resources in much presided way. They know where the country is heading and what they need to change and what are the issues that they should address. They also will start and continue their professions and organizations in very informative manner. Just think if the society start using the resources in the country in efficiently and effectively the development will be unstoppable. So presently there won’t be “Wastage” (නාස්තිය), “Unsuccessful Projects” (අසාර්ථක ව්‍යාපෘති) like Hambantota harbor and Humbanthota Airport, Nelum Kuluna and Rocket from Sri Lanka. There will be “Empowering Projects” instead of “Welfare Projects”.

That’s why we have to make management not only for the managers. The managers have to involve employees to make management decisions and involve them in the management process to a certain level. Practicing management by the employees will not be benefited only for the company it is significant for the whole society.

That’s why Peter ducker has delineates the essence of management as “undeveloped countries are undermanaged”. The Japan express the great example how they have been developed after the, World War II.

 

Social Benefits

When the society start involving and practices the process of management, it will raises the standard of living of the people by providing good quality products at the lowest prices. The organizations have been gathering all the necessary information from their grass root level employees, These employees are involving for some management functions at their level so the decisions making will be very easy, highly significant and with highly effective consequences. It will encourages amity and wealth in the society through optimum use of scare resources.

Developing the industry of a country means it automatically uplifts the living standard of the people. The people will try to innovate new things and will apply those to uplift economy of the country. “China” gives you a great example for this. The countries like New Zealand, Australia and Switzerland are now in a position to offer thousands of social benefits. I strongly recommend to study their Government and Non- Government management methods, it is very much attractive how they are involving their people even in Governing the Country. These countries have been developed and offering many health, educational, entertaining transport and insurance facilities for their nations. They have a mechanism every citizen can write for the leader of their country and those have been reviewed and replied with in day or two. The suggestions have been appreciated and complaints have been considered.

When we turn to our country side we do not have proper mechanism to engage with the governing, people start picketing and protests against the leaders because they do not trust the leaders and their decisions.  Employee participation mechanisms are engaged in the manufacture of wearing apparel (Omega Line), manufacture of rubber tyres (Trelleborg), manufacture of tobacco products (Agio Tobacco Processing Co.) and manufacture of tea (Kahawatte Plantations). It indicate that the apparel sector provides employment to a large number of employees, and also has the highest level of value addition. The tea sector is next in terms of employment provided, and of value addition.

 

 

 

 

 

                                                                                                                  

Role in National Economic Development

 

The subject employee relation describes employee relation as, organization’s efforts to create and maintain a positive relationship with its employees and government. By maintaining positive, constructive employee relations, organizations hope to keep employees loyal and more engaged in their work. The development of a nation primarily depends on the quality of management of its resources. By applying the participative management for the organization the growth of the industry will directly benefited for the whole economy of a country.

The employees are the citizens of a country. If they participate in the management process, they will know how the country must grow and what their role in it is. When there is more involvement of the employee in the management process at their levels they will not only contribute their efficiency and effectiveness they will engage with a great morale to implement their decisions in very formative way. This is the key of the development of the national economy. Through this process the level of wages can be increased, the quality of the products will be higher and the prices will be law. The Country can be expanding their infrastructure facilities pertaining to the development of the industry. The foreign currency will be headed for the country not as debt but as investments. This is only the best way to overcome the present economic crisis of the country.  By knowing where they are heading the citizens can work to make it come true because they are part of it. In democratic country the citizen use votes to select their representatives to the parliament. But as the developed countries as a whole, the industries must be growing at once. If you interview a citizen from Japan that particular person can explain how he has involved in the development of their economy. Can you explain??? Then that means you have not been anticipatively engaged in the development of economic growth in Sri Lanka. This is a main reason of the present failure. 

   

Employment

When the economy grow and modifies by the participation of the employees the industry will be in a position to generate more employment opportunities for the country. This requirement is highly essential to a country like Sri Lanka to match the skills with employment. The current education system and the curriculum in Sri Lanka should be immediately restructured and revised to suit the emerging market needs. Sri Lanka should invest though its free education to receive an outcome as a competent, confident, skillful workforce and Sri Lanka also has to establish more and more private universities with proper monitoring by keeping the main objective as to develop the workforce who can involve in the management mechanism in very fruitful way. Participative management increase the retention of the employee, Work life of the employee and by innovating and implementing new projects in the society the labour force participation rate will at a higher rate. The countries like England, United States, China, Japan and Greece are now benefiting these advancements because of practicing participative management in their industry.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Significant from the organization through participative management

 

Determination of Objectives and Goals

“Goal-setting participation can make employees clarify the difficulty and feasibility of goals, increase their autonomy, feel the organization's respect, significantly improve employees' enthusiasm at work, and indirectly affect employees' behavior.”

American psychologist Bandura proposed social cognitive theory in 1986

Every level of the organization has to clearly identify their objectives. It is very crucial to identify what should obtain, How should obtain and when should obtain by the employees. The Public Utility Commission of Sri Lanka organized a three day out along with their annual gathering to set the organization goals. At the beginning they provide instructions for all their divisions to prepare Action Plan, Corporate Plan and Strategic Plan with the participation of all their employees in the division. Then they all gather to a one place and they prepare a cooperate plan by including all the plans of each divisions finally they a line the prepared plan with their main objective of the organization. By participation of all the employees finally they set tasks for each division separately.

This practice has been doing by Sampath Bank, Browns’ Company and Indra Traders. The goals and objectives should be written and communicated with the participation of all level of employees. Then the employees will know where they are heading.

Goal Setting is an easy way to keep your employees motivated in your workplace. Having no specific goal to work on can lead to lower morale of the employee, and ultimately affects the productivity of work. On the other hand, achieving goals keeps them motivated and improves their confidence and job satisfaction. 

Nowadays, organizations are more concerned about employee involvement in setting up organizational goals. Employees have become more educated and have high negotiation skills. Managers also support this concept of employee involvement in setting up their goals, which gives employees motivation and managers the supremacy to motivate and direct their employees to achieve those goals.

Participation in goal-setting makes the goals more acceptable and leads to more engagement from employees. Organizations and managers let employees to work together to set up the organization’s goals. It helps the employee with more involvement and practical behavior. In setting goals, employees can have intrinsic motivation and desire to obtain them, positively affecting organizations in the longer run. Employees can also make observations and recommendations about the content and standards

 

Achieving of Objectives

 

Participative management acts as a force to motivate employees to meet precise organizational goals. The main idea behind this style of management is not only using physical capital but also making optimum utilization of intellectual and emotional human capital. Management directs the group effort toward the achievement of various objectives. It brings human and non-human recourses together. Employees may feel more personally invested in achieving goals, meeting deadlines and developing solutions. They are in a mood that they have to achieve the goals which were set by them. So their morale will be higher than normal employee. Traditional employee thinks goals as an extra burden placed on them. But under participative management, achieving the goals set under the intervention of the employees is considered as their responsibility and they work to achieve those in efficiently and effectively.

The company does not want employees to force to work on the goals. They also will reward the employees who have achieved their targets. Through this process the employee satisfaction can be increased and the employee will be retaining in longer period. The Commercial Bank is having few workshops and gathering meetings in order to review their achievements, by the participation of the employees of each division.  Browns and company also do the same procedure to analyze their achievements in three times of the year.

 

 

Participative Management in meeting challenges

Employees must also be willing to participate and share their ideas. Participative management does not work with employees who are passive or simply do not care. Many times employees do not have the skills or information necessary to make good suggestions or decisions. In this case it is important to provide them with information or training so they can make informed choices. Encouragement should be offered in order to accustom employees to the participative approach. One way to help employees engage in the decision-making process is by knowing their individual strengths and capitalizing on them. By guiding employees toward areas in which they are knowledgeable, a manager can help to ensure their success.

 

Before expecting employees to make valuable contributions, managers should provide them with the criteria that their input must meet. If this has done by individual there will be only one idea and one mind. This will aid in discarding ideas or suggestions that cannot be implemented, are not feasible, or are too expensive. Managers should also give employees time to think about ideas or alternative decisions. Employees often do not do their most creative thinking on the spot. This practice will reduce the responsible encumbered on the manager.

Employees need to know that they have made a contribution. Offering employees a choice in the final decision is important because it increases their commitment, motivation, and job satisfaction. Sometimes even just presenting several alternatives and allowing employees to choose from them is as effective as if they thought of the alternatives themselves.

Participative Management is a concept that emphasizes the involvement and participation of the team in decision making and problem solving. This approach aims to strengthen the motivation of employees, improve their commitment and encourage innovation and creativity within the company.

Participative management encourages a climate of trust and openness in the company. This approach can help reinforce team cohesion and improve communication within the company.

However, it has its limits. It requires additional preparation and animation time, a good knowledge of the processes, communication and conflict management techniques. For example, it is difficult to implement this type of management when companies have complex processes and a large diversity of employees.

To implement participative management, it is important to work on the company’s culture and to make the teams aware of the advantages of this approach. It is also necessary to define the roles and responsibilities of each person, to set up collaborative work methods and to encourage open and transparent communication.

 

Participative Management in Providing Innovation

 

The management mainly will able to find new ideas and innovations. But to develop the company has to take initiatives to develop the skill and professional level of the employees in order to take a better outcome they have to invest little on them by engaging them in particular trainings or by giving opportunity to follow them.

By giving everyone a chance to play an active role in change, participative innovation promotes individual and collective efforts. Participative innovation showcases initiatives by employees who contribute to their company's development. Teams may feel more supported in developing innovative and diverse ideas. Employees may feel more personally invested in achieving goals. The problem solving process and openness to new ideas can result in innovation. Apart from this the management will be getting new ideas rather than stick to ideas of few individuals. Apart from this as mentioned above there is also knowledge sharing amongst the workers and the managers. This means that those who are part of a certain process at the ground level give inputs for improved efficiency of the same. This has dual implications, helping improve the quality of product and curtailing the cost of manufacture.

Finally, after all these researches, arguments and experiments the company will be able to produce a better quality product at a low cost. “Sidhalepa” company, and Ceylon Biscuits Ltd have given opportunity for their employees to engage in the researchers if they like and they will offer great amount for a complete and successful outcome.  

 

Participative Management in Smooth Running of the Business

 

Participative management thus results in overall increase of the ownership of work of an employee. This empowerment can lead to increased efficiency, better productivity, improved morale and job satisfaction.

Participative managers foster an environment that makes people feel genuinely valued. They give employees plenty of development opportunities showing that there is room for them to grow within the company and offer them chances to implement their ideas. This significantly contributes to improved employee retention.

Participative management allows employees to take responsibility, accountability and authority over work done for a company. This leadership strategy typically empowers qualified employees and allows executives to focus on strategic planning while subordinates manage daily operations.

A participatory planning process builds trust, both between your organization and the community and among the individuals involved. This trust can serve as a foundation for future community development and community action.

Many companies have experienced the positive effects of participative management. Employees are more committed and experience more job satisfaction when they are allowed to participate in decision making. Organizations have reported that productivity improved significantly when managers used a participative style.

Public involvement brings more information to the decision, including scientific or technical knowledge, knowledge about the context where decisions are implemented, history and personalities. More information can make the difference between a good and poor decision.

Human resource is the unique resource in the company where other company cannot match. Skillful and competent workforce is a good weapon to face the market competition. If the company is having loyalty and the trust of the employees the company can be retain in the market with a longer period.

 

References

 

Read more: https://www.referenceforbusiness.com/management/Or-Pr/Participative-Management.html#ixzz7uoloEFHw

Coleman, P.T. "Implicit Theories of Organizational Power and Priming Effects on Managerial Power-Sharing Decisions: An Experimental Study." Journal of Applied Social Psychology 34, no. 2 (2004): 297–321.

Coye, R.W., and J.A. Belohlav. "An Exploratory Analysis of Employee Participation." Group and Organization Management 20, no. 1 (1995): 4–17.

Greenfield, W.M. "Decision Making and Employee Engagement." Employment Relations Today 31, no. 2 (2004): 13–24.

Read more: https://www.referenceforbusiness.com/management/Or-Pr/Participative-Management.html#ixzz7uomjvHB3

https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/participative-management-khatereh-dorgari

 

https://www.managementstudyguide.com/benefits-participative-management.htm

 

J.S. Chandan “Management Theory & Practice”, VIKAS publication house plc ltd, 2008, p. 2,3 & 361

 

Peter F. Drucker, “The practice of Management”, Allied Publishers Pvt ltd, 2006

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